Meeting in Niamey
New Alliance Formation
Niger’s military leader, alongside junta chiefs from Mali and Burkina Faso, announced an “irrevocable” decision to turn their backs on the wider West African bloc, Ecowas. This marks their first meeting to solidify an alliance in response to opposition from neighboring countries.
Recent Coups and Jihadist Violence
From 2020 to 2023, soldiers took power in Mali, Burkina Faso, and Niger through a series of coups. The resulting Alliance of Sahel States was formed in part due to jihadist violence, which was cited as a justification for the army takeovers. In January, these nations announced their intention to leave Ecowas, which is holding its own summit on Sunday.
Gen Tchiani’s Vision
Speaking at Saturday’s meeting in Niamey, Nigerien leader Gen Abdourahmane Tchiani emphasized the desire to build a community of sovereign peoples, “far from the control of foreign powers. A community of peace, solidarity, prosperity based on our African values.” Gen Tchiani is hosting the talks with Burkina Faso’s Capt Ibrahim Traoré and Mali’s Col Assimi Goïta.
Rejection of Imperialism
Calls for Independence
In a message on X, Burkinabé leader Capt Ibrahim Traoré stated, “Together, we will consolidate the foundations of our true independence.” During the summit, he criticized imperialists, claiming, “This continent has suffered and continues to suffer from the fire of the imperialists. These imperialists have only one cliché in mind: ‘Africa is the empire of slaves.'”
Security and Economic Cooperation
Security cooperation is a top priority for the alliance, known by its French acronym AES. They also aim to form closer economic ties, including creating a common currency, rejecting the France-backed CFA Franc used in many regional states. All three countries have expelled French soldiers, previously part of an anti-jihadist mission, and have sought military assistance from Russia. Calls for greater sovereignty and rejecting the former colonial power have been central to the junta leaders’ rhetoric.
Public Reception and Future Plans
Enthusiastic Reception in Niamey
Capt Traoré arrived in Niamey a day before the meeting and was welcomed by cheering crowds waving Nigerien and Burkinabé flags. Among the supporters was Sidi Mohamed, head of the National Youth Council, who expressed pride in the African-led summit aimed at creating an alliance for development without foreign interference.
Col Goïta’s Arrival and Ecowas Response
Col Goïta arrived on Saturday. Meanwhile, the presidents of the wider West African bloc will respond at a heads of state meeting in Abuja on Sunday, where they are expected to announce the activation of a standby force to combat regional insecurity.
Challenges Ahead
Continued Insecurity
Over the past decade, the Sahel has seen a rise in Islamic State militant activity, leading to insecurity and instability. Despite the formation of the new alliance, the juntas in Niger, Burkina Faso, and Mali have so far been unable to quell the violence.
FAQ
Why are Niger, Mali, and Burkina Faso leaving Ecowas?
The military leaders of these countries believe that Ecowas is influenced by foreign powers and does not adequately represent their interests. They aim to form a new alliance that emphasizes African sovereignty and independence.
What is the Alliance of Sahel States (AES)?
AES is a newly formed alliance between Niger, Mali, and Burkina Faso, focused on regional security, economic cooperation, and reducing reliance on foreign powers.
What are the main goals of the AES?
The AES aims to enhance security cooperation, form closer economic ties, and create a common currency, rejecting the France-backed CFA Franc.
How has the public reacted to the formation of AES?
The public reaction, particularly in Niamey, has been enthusiastic, with supporters expressing pride in an African-led initiative for development and independence from foreign influence.
What challenges does AES face?
The main challenge for AES is addressing the ongoing jihadist violence and instability in the Sahel region, which the military takeovers have not yet been able to quell.
